Biocultural diversity and development under local and global change / Thora Martina Herrmann

Public ISBD Accompagne Interdependence of biodiversity and development global change / Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montréal, Canada) Titre : Biocultural diversity and development under local and global change Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Thora Martina Herrmann, Auteur ; Gary Martin, Auteur ; Laxmi Pant, Auteur Importance : p 98-126 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT Mots-clés : BIODIVERSITE  CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE  DEVELOPPEMENT  CONNAISSANCE ECOLOGIQUE Résumé : Biological diversity and cultural diversity are reinforcing and dependent and in many parts of the world we find a clear correlation of both. Numerous cultural expressions of people are influenced by biodiversity, its status, trends and the services it provides. Major ensembles of biological diversity are developed and managed by cultural groups, using language and knowledge as tools. The preservation of this biocultural diversity depends on social, historical relationships and cultural practices which have co-evolved between human societies and nature. However, this mutual dependence is now under threat. As highlighted by the Third Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO3), the extinction crisis of global bio-cultural diversity-which includes human beings, species, ecosystems, languages, cultures and traditional knowledge-is advancing at an alarming and unparalleled pace and is exacerbated by climate change. If the natural environment is changed or lost, the cultural knowledge based on it is also lost, along with the traditional practices vital for maintaining local indigenous livelihoods in agricultural, pastoral, coastal and marine settings. In order to improve the status of biodiversity, which underpins the well-being and development of humanity, it is crucial to recognise that most of the problems of loss of biological diversity, local ecological knowledge and why these notions/approaches are relevant for sustaining livelihoods and for understanding the interlinkages between nature and culture. It presents the various development/research approaches available to assist in strengthening local and indigenous institutions and ownership, while putting an emphasis on endogenous development. The second and third sections will discuss the human rights based approach to development, local knowledge and biocultural diversity, by looking at the linkages between conservation and use of biodiversity, benefit sharing from the commercial use of biodiversity, traditional knowledge and the intellectual property rights and international negotiations. The fourth section will elaborate on how changes in local and global contexts have forced local communities to find new adaptation strategies. The fifth section will explore the scope, diversity and challenges of indigenous and community conserved areas (ICCAS) and the usefulness of the ICCA concept for securing community governance of natural resources , and preserving biocultural diversity in the face of global and local changes. A number of case studies included in this chapter illustrate the issues adressed. Each section of this chapter draws lessons learned, develops recommendations and provides options for policy at the local, national and international level. This chapter shows that by incorporating biocultural diversity into development planning and implementation-for example through the legal empowerment or appropriate recognition of indigenous and community conserved areas-not only contributes to the safeguarding of ecosystem services in times of global and local changes, but also enhances human development and well-being. Numéro du document : AA GVI Niveau Bibliographique : 5 Bull1 (Theme principale) : GESTION DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : ASPECTS SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES Accompagne Interdependence of biodiversity and development global change / Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montréal, Canada) Biocultural diversity and development under local and global change [texte imprimé] / Thora Martina Herrmann, Auteur ; Gary Martin, Auteur ; Laxmi Pant, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 98-126. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT Mots-clés : BIODIVERSITE  CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE  DEVELOPPEMENT  CONNAISSANCE ECOLOGIQUE Résumé : Biological diversity and cultural diversity are reinforcing and dependent and in many parts of the world we find a clear correlation of both. Numerous cultural expressions of people are influenced by biodiversity, its status, trends and the services it provides. Major ensembles of biological diversity are developed and managed by cultural groups, using language and knowledge as tools. The preservation of this biocultural diversity depends on social, historical relationships and cultural practices which have co-evolved between human societies and nature. However, this mutual dependence is now under threat. As highlighted by the Third Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO3), the extinction crisis of global bio-cultural diversity-which includes human beings, species, ecosystems, languages, cultures and traditional knowledge-is advancing at an alarming and unparalleled pace and is exacerbated by climate change. If the natural environment is changed or lost, the cultural knowledge based on it is also lost, along with the traditional practices vital for maintaining local indigenous livelihoods in agricultural, pastoral, coastal and marine settings. In order to improve the status of biodiversity, which underpins the well-being and development of humanity, it is crucial to recognise that most of the problems of loss of biological diversity, local ecological knowledge and why these notions/approaches are relevant for sustaining livelihoods and for understanding the interlinkages between nature and culture. It presents the various development/research approaches available to assist in strengthening local and indigenous institutions and ownership, while putting an emphasis on endogenous development. The second and third sections will discuss the human rights based approach to development, local knowledge and biocultural diversity, by looking at the linkages between conservation and use of biodiversity, benefit sharing from the commercial use of biodiversity, traditional knowledge and the intellectual property rights and international negotiations. The fourth section will elaborate on how changes in local and global contexts have forced local communities to find new adaptation strategies. The fifth section will explore the scope, diversity and challenges of indigenous and community conserved areas (ICCAS) and the usefulness of the ICCA concept for securing community governance of natural resources , and preserving biocultural diversity in the face of global and local changes. A number of case studies included in this chapter illustrate the issues adressed. Each section of this chapter draws lessons learned, develops recommendations and provides options for policy at the local, national and international level. This chapter shows that by incorporating biocultural diversity into development planning and implementation-for example through the legal empowerment or appropriate recognition of indigenous and community conserved areas-not only contributes to the safeguarding of ecosystem services in times of global and local changes, but also enhances human development and well-being. Numéro du document : AA GVI Niveau Bibliographique : 5 Bull1 (Theme principale) : GESTION DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : ASPECTS SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES

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