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Titre : Assessment of the environmental impact of pesticides in paddy rice production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A.W. Tejada, Auteur ; L.M. Varca, Auteur ; S.M.F. Calumpang, Auteur Importance : p 149-180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : IMPACT ENVIRONNEMENTAL UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PRODUCTION RIZICULTRICE Résumé : Pesticides are biocides and their utility lies in their ability to kill noxious or unwanted organisms but they are selective. Most pesticides act by interfering with fundamental biochemical and physiological processes that are common to a wide range of pests and nontarget organisms. Assessing the hazards of pesticide use relies on a balance of evidence accumulated through different lines of inquiry. Thresholds are set and codes of safe practice established on the basis of biochemical studies, toxicity test on a limited number of organisms and field monitoring. Pesticide use in rice production has been suspected of being a major contributor to environmental pollution and farmers often spray hazardous insecticides five times in a cropping season when two applications may be sufficient .
So this chapter reports the results of part of a multidisciplinary investigation to assess the environmental and health impacts of pesticides in ricefield ecosystems in the Laguna province of the Philippines, then addresses the on- and off-paddy effects of pesticides on rice plants, soil, paddy water , ricefield flora and fauna, groundwater and well water.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Assessment of the environmental impact of pesticides in paddy rice production [texte imprimé] / A.W. Tejada, Auteur ; L.M. Varca, Auteur ; S.M.F. Calumpang, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 149-180.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : IMPACT ENVIRONNEMENTAL UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PRODUCTION RIZICULTRICE Résumé : Pesticides are biocides and their utility lies in their ability to kill noxious or unwanted organisms but they are selective. Most pesticides act by interfering with fundamental biochemical and physiological processes that are common to a wide range of pests and nontarget organisms. Assessing the hazards of pesticide use relies on a balance of evidence accumulated through different lines of inquiry. Thresholds are set and codes of safe practice established on the basis of biochemical studies, toxicity test on a limited number of organisms and field monitoring. Pesticide use in rice production has been suspected of being a major contributor to environmental pollution and farmers often spray hazardous insecticides five times in a cropping season when two applications may be sufficient .
So this chapter reports the results of part of a multidisciplinary investigation to assess the environmental and health impacts of pesticides in ricefield ecosystems in the Laguna province of the Philippines, then addresses the on- and off-paddy effects of pesticides on rice plants, soil, paddy water , ricefield flora and fauna, groundwater and well water.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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Titre : Assessment of the environmental impact of pesticides in paddy rice production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A.W. Tejada, Auteur ; L.M. Varca, Auteur ; S.M.F. Calumpang, Auteur Importance : p 149-180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : RIZ PADDY UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES EVALUATION DES IMPACTS DES PRODUITS CHIMIQUES Résumé : Pesticides are biocides and their utility lies in their ability to kill noxious or unwanted organisms but they are selective. Most pesticides act by interfering with fundamental biochemical and physiological processes that are common to a wide range of pests and nontarget organisms. Assessing the hazards of pesticide use relies on a balance of evidence accumulated thriugh different lines of inquiry. Thresholds are set and codes of safe practice established on the basis of biochemical studies, toxicity test on a lilited number of organisms and field monitoring. Pesticide use in rice production has been suspected of being a major contributor to environmental pollution and farmers often spray hazardous insecticides five times in a cropping season when two applications may be sufficient .
So this chapter reports the results of part of a multidisciplinary investigation to assess the environmental and health impacts of pesticides in ricefield ecosystems in the Laguna province of the Philippines, then addresses the on- and off-paddy effects of pesticides on rice plants, soil, paddy water , ricefield flora and fauna, groundwater and well water.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Assessment of the environmental impact of pesticides in paddy rice production [texte imprimé] / A.W. Tejada, Auteur ; L.M. Varca, Auteur ; S.M.F. Calumpang, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 149-180.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : RIZ PADDY UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES EVALUATION DES IMPACTS DES PRODUITS CHIMIQUES Résumé : Pesticides are biocides and their utility lies in their ability to kill noxious or unwanted organisms but they are selective. Most pesticides act by interfering with fundamental biochemical and physiological processes that are common to a wide range of pests and nontarget organisms. Assessing the hazards of pesticide use relies on a balance of evidence accumulated thriugh different lines of inquiry. Thresholds are set and codes of safe practice established on the basis of biochemical studies, toxicity test on a lilited number of organisms and field monitoring. Pesticide use in rice production has been suspected of being a major contributor to environmental pollution and farmers often spray hazardous insecticides five times in a cropping season when two applications may be sufficient .
So this chapter reports the results of part of a multidisciplinary investigation to assess the environmental and health impacts of pesticides in ricefield ecosystems in the Laguna province of the Philippines, then addresses the on- and off-paddy effects of pesticides on rice plants, soil, paddy water , ricefield flora and fauna, groundwater and well water.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Exemplaires
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Titre : Behavior of pesticides in rice-based agroecosystems : a review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P.A. Roger, Auteur ; S.I. Bhuiyan, Auteur Importance : p 111-148 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : AGROECOSYSTEME SUR LE RIZ UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES MOUVEMENT DES PESTICIDES DANS LES ZONES HUMIDES Résumé : Emphasis on agricultural production using modern techniques has focused attention on the problem of yield losses due to pests and the need for adequate protection of the crop. Pesticide application is the most practiced method of pest control in rice-based cropping systems. Because of their toxic nature there is a general concern with the potential hazards of pesticides to humans and the environment. The fate of pesticides applied in agricultural ecosystems is governed by the transfer and degradation processes and their interactions . Transfer is a physical process in which the pesticide molecules remain intact.
Growing evidence indicates that pesticides are present in food grown on the land in surface and subsurface bodies of water and in atmosphere. Research has established that the toxic has some pesticide effects on fish and other aquatic animals, on birds and other wildlife and on human health. Thus this paper reviews the information on the fate of pesticides in rice-based agroecosystems with emphasis on wetland soils.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Behavior of pesticides in rice-based agroecosystems : a review [texte imprimé] / P.A. Roger, Auteur ; S.I. Bhuiyan, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 111-148.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : AGROECOSYSTEME SUR LE RIZ UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES MOUVEMENT DES PESTICIDES DANS LES ZONES HUMIDES Résumé : Emphasis on agricultural production using modern techniques has focused attention on the problem of yield losses due to pests and the need for adequate protection of the crop. Pesticide application is the most practiced method of pest control in rice-based cropping systems. Because of their toxic nature there is a general concern with the potential hazards of pesticides to humans and the environment. The fate of pesticides applied in agricultural ecosystems is governed by the transfer and degradation processes and their interactions . Transfer is a physical process in which the pesticide molecules remain intact.
Growing evidence indicates that pesticides are present in food grown on the land in surface and subsurface bodies of water and in atmosphere. Research has established that the toxic has some pesticide effects on fish and other aquatic animals, on birds and other wildlife and on human health. Thus this paper reviews the information on the fate of pesticides in rice-based agroecosystems with emphasis on wetland soils.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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Titre : Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticides use practices Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : H. Warburton, Auteur ; F.G. Palis, Auteur ; P.L. Pingali, Auteur Importance : p 59-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES METHODE DE COLLECTION DES DONNEES TYPES DE PESTICIDES PRECAUTION D'UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES DANGERS D'UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES Résumé : This chapter describes farmer’s pesticide use, perceptions about health hazards, pesticide management practices and attitudes toward personal protective equipment (ppe). The general objective of this study is to investigate pesticide health effects as percei-ved by rice farmers , laborers and their spouses and how these affect their welfare and decisions on pest control. The aims of this study provide possible answers on how farmers are affected by pesticides or how they perceive pesticide hazards or what they do to avoid pesticide contamination and finally the factors that affect the farmers ‘valuation of pesticide health risk. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticides use practices [texte imprimé] / H. Warburton, Auteur ; F.G. Palis, Auteur ; P.L. Pingali, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 59-95.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES METHODE DE COLLECTION DES DONNEES TYPES DE PESTICIDES PRECAUTION D'UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES DANGERS D'UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES Résumé : This chapter describes farmer’s pesticide use, perceptions about health hazards, pesticide management practices and attitudes toward personal protective equipment (ppe). The general objective of this study is to investigate pesticide health effects as percei-ved by rice farmers , laborers and their spouses and how these affect their welfare and decisions on pest control. The aims of this study provide possible answers on how farmers are affected by pesticides or how they perceive pesticide hazards or what they do to avoid pesticide contamination and finally the factors that affect the farmers ‘valuation of pesticide health risk. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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Titre : Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticides use practices Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : H. Warburton, Auteur ; F.G. Palis, Auteur ; P.L. Pingali, Auteur Importance : p 59-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PRODUIT CHIMIQUE AGRICOLE RISQUE SANITAIRE AGRICULTEUR Résumé : This chapter describes farmer’s pesticide use, perceptions about health hazards, pesticide management practices and attitudes toward personal protective equipment (ppe). The general objective of this study is to investigate pesticide health effects as percei-ved by rice farmers , laborers and their spouses and how these affect their welfare and decisions on pest control. The aims of this study provide possible answers on how farmers are affected by pesticides or how they perceive pesticide hazards or what they do to avoid pesticide contamination and finally the factors that affect the farmers ‘valuation of pesticide health risk. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticides use practices [texte imprimé] / H. Warburton, Auteur ; F.G. Palis, Auteur ; P.L. Pingali, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 59-95.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PRODUIT CHIMIQUE AGRICOLE RISQUE SANITAIRE AGRICULTEUR Résumé : This chapter describes farmer’s pesticide use, perceptions about health hazards, pesticide management practices and attitudes toward personal protective equipment (ppe). The general objective of this study is to investigate pesticide health effects as percei-ved by rice farmers , laborers and their spouses and how these affect their welfare and decisions on pest control. The aims of this study provide possible answers on how farmers are affected by pesticides or how they perceive pesticide hazards or what they do to avoid pesticide contamination and finally the factors that affect the farmers ‘valuation of pesticide health risk. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Exemplaires
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Titre : Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pierre A. Roger, Auteur ; Prabhu L. Pingali, Auteur Editeur : International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Année de publication : 1995 Importance : 664 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES RIZ SANTE DES RIZICULTEURS IMPACT DES PESTICIDES SUR LES RIZICULTEURS Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment [texte imprimé] / Pierre A. Roger, Auteur ; Prabhu L. Pingali, Auteur . - International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 1995 . - 664 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES RIZ SANTE DES RIZICULTEURS IMPACT DES PESTICIDES SUR LES RIZICULTEURS Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Est accompagné de
- Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment / P.L. Pingali
- Measurement and evaluation of the impacts of agricultural chemical use / J.M. Antle
- Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticides use practices / H. Warburton
- Misuse of pesticides among rice farmers in Leyte, Philippines / K.L. Heong
- Behavior of pesticides in rice-based agroecosystems : a review / P.A. Roger
- Assessment of the environmental impact of pesticides in paddy rice production / A.W. Tejada
- The impact of ricefield pesticides on the quality of freshwater resources / S.I. Bhuiyan
- The impact of pesticides on ricefield vertebrates with emphasis on fish / A.G. Cagauan
- The impact of pesticides on nontarget aquatic invertebrates in Wetland ricefields : a review / I.C. Simpson
- The impact of pesticides on ricefield microflora : an analytical review of the literature / P.A. Roger
- An experimental assessment of pesticide impacts on soil and water fauna and microflora in Wetland ricefields of the Philippines / P.A. Roger
- The impact of pesticides on farmer health : a medical and economic analysis in the Philippines / P.L. Pingali
- Pesticides, productivity and farmer health : a Philippine case study / J.M. Antle
- Public regulatory roles in developing markets : the case of pesticides / P.L. Pingali
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Titre : Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment : An overview of results from a multidisciplinary study in the Philippines Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P.L. Pingali, Auteur Année de publication : 1995 Importance : p 3-21 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PHILIPPINES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES IMPACT DES PESTICIDES AGRICULTEURS RIZIERES Résumé : Pesticides continue to be a significant and growing component of modern rice technology and its relative importance has increased despite the availability of alternatives to exclusive chemical pest control such as varietal resistance and integrated pest management (IPM). This chapter provides an overview of a multidisciplinary scientific effort to identify the incidence and magnitude of on-site and off-site environmental effects of pesticide use. The main idea of this study is that the negative human health impact of pesticides is large and overwhelms their impact on the paddy ecosystem and the environment. Somewhere pesticide use is small in terms of dosages and number of applications and the chemicals used degrade in tropical flooded conditions than in the temperate upland conditions. At the end, this study envisions high rates of return to research on nonchemical pest control methods such as varietal resistance to pest that can be embodied in seeds or the use of enemies and other biological controls. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment : An overview of results from a multidisciplinary study in the Philippines [texte imprimé] / P.L. Pingali, Auteur . - 1995 . - p 3-21.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PHILIPPINES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES IMPACT DES PESTICIDES AGRICULTEURS RIZIERES Résumé : Pesticides continue to be a significant and growing component of modern rice technology and its relative importance has increased despite the availability of alternatives to exclusive chemical pest control such as varietal resistance and integrated pest management (IPM). This chapter provides an overview of a multidisciplinary scientific effort to identify the incidence and magnitude of on-site and off-site environmental effects of pesticide use. The main idea of this study is that the negative human health impact of pesticides is large and overwhelms their impact on the paddy ecosystem and the environment. Somewhere pesticide use is small in terms of dosages and number of applications and the chemicals used degrade in tropical flooded conditions than in the temperate upland conditions. At the end, this study envisions high rates of return to research on nonchemical pest control methods such as varietal resistance to pest that can be embodied in seeds or the use of enemies and other biological controls. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Exemplaires
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Titre : Misuse of pesticides among rice farmers in Leyte, Philippines Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K.L. Heong, Auteur ; M.M. Escalada, Auteur ; A.A. Lazaro, Auteur Importance : p 97-108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : RIZICULTEUR UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PHILIPPINES Résumé : In Philippines, especially in Leyte, the misuse of pesticides among rice farmers is inevitable and the farmers tend to spray pesticides to keep pests off their rice crops rather than to prevent yield loss. Such attitudes lead to pesticide misuse so the authors try to analyze the types of chemicals farmers used during the wet season, the pest targets and the timing of sprays to assess misuse to improve current practices. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Misuse of pesticides among rice farmers in Leyte, Philippines [texte imprimé] / K.L. Heong, Auteur ; M.M. Escalada, Auteur ; A.A. Lazaro, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 97-108.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : RIZICULTEUR UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES PHILIPPINES Résumé : In Philippines, especially in Leyte, the misuse of pesticides among rice farmers is inevitable and the farmers tend to spray pesticides to keep pests off their rice crops rather than to prevent yield loss. Such attitudes lead to pesticide misuse so the authors try to analyze the types of chemicals farmers used during the wet season, the pest targets and the timing of sprays to assess misuse to improve current practices. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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Titre : Misuse of pesticides among rice farmers in Leyte, Philippines Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K.L. Heong, Auteur ; M.M. Escalada, Auteur ; A.A. Lazaro, Auteur Importance : p 97-108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PHILIPPINES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES DECOMPOSITION MICROBIOLOGIQUE ETUDE DES EFFETS CHIMIQUES RIZIERE Résumé : In Philippines, especially in Leyte, the misuse of pesticides among rice farmers is inevitable and the farmers tend to spray pesticides to keep pests off their rice crops rather than to prevent yield loss. Suc attitudes lead to pesticide misuse so the authors try to analyze the types of chemicals farmers used during the wet season, the pest targets and the timing of sprays to assess misuse to improve current practices. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Misuse of pesticides among rice farmers in Leyte, Philippines [texte imprimé] / K.L. Heong, Auteur ; M.M. Escalada, Auteur ; A.A. Lazaro, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 97-108.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PHILIPPINES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES DECOMPOSITION MICROBIOLOGIQUE ETUDE DES EFFETS CHIMIQUES RIZIERE Résumé : In Philippines, especially in Leyte, the misuse of pesticides among rice farmers is inevitable and the farmers tend to spray pesticides to keep pests off their rice crops rather than to prevent yield loss. Suc attitudes lead to pesticide misuse so the authors try to analyze the types of chemicals farmers used during the wet season, the pest targets and the timing of sprays to assess misuse to improve current practices. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Exemplaires
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Titre : Public regulatory roles in developing markets : the case of pesticides Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P.L. Pingali, Auteur ; A.C. Rola, Auteur Année de publication : 1995 Importance : p 391-409 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PESTICIDE MARCHE DES PESTICIDES REGULARISATION MECANISME DES MARCHES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES Résumé : In developing markets, the public regulation of input or product markets is warranted when one or more of the following market imperfections exist : one is the use of the product creates negative externalities, two is when the end-users face serious occupational hazards and three is when product quality is variable since standards are hard to enforce and four is when information about product efficacy is less than perfect and the last part is questions about ethics in marketing and trade arise since producers-exporters are more knowledgeable on each of the above issues than the importers-end-users.
Discussions on pesticide regulation in developing countries center around three broad sets of questions whether poor countries divert resources towards environmental protection or if countries face a tradeoff between productivity growth and environmental protection and if developed country regulatory policies are appropriate for and transferable to developing countries.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Public regulatory roles in developing markets : the case of pesticides [texte imprimé] / P.L. Pingali, Auteur ; A.C. Rola, Auteur . - 1995 . - p 391-409.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : PESTICIDE MARCHE DES PESTICIDES REGULARISATION MECANISME DES MARCHES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES Résumé : In developing markets, the public regulation of input or product markets is warranted when one or more of the following market imperfections exist : one is the use of the product creates negative externalities, two is when the end-users face serious occupational hazards and three is when product quality is variable since standards are hard to enforce and four is when information about product efficacy is less than perfect and the last part is questions about ethics in marketing and trade arise since producers-exporters are more knowledgeable on each of the above issues than the importers-end-users.
Discussions on pesticide regulation in developing countries center around three broad sets of questions whether poor countries divert resources towards environmental protection or if countries face a tradeoff between productivity growth and environmental protection and if developed country regulatory policies are appropriate for and transferable to developing countries.
Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : PROTECTION DES VEGETAUX-CONSIDERATIONS GENERALES Exemplaires
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Titre : The impact of pesticides on ricefield vertebrates with emphasis on fish Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A.G. Cagauan, Auteur Importance : p 203-248 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : IMPACT DES PESTICIDES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES RIZIERE METHODOLOGIE D'EVALUATION ANALYSE DES RESIDUS DES PESTICIDES INSECTICIDES Résumé : Production of fish on rice farms in Asian countries is considered by policymakers as a viable option for sustaining food production in lowland areas, augmenting farm income and improving the quality of food available to asian farm housholds. Rice-fish farming systems hence represent an ideal practice for more efficient utilization of agricultural resources in lowland rice areas.
The use of pesticides has been reported to have caused a decline in the practice of rice-fish culture in some parts of Central Thailand. Annual application of around 2kg per hectare of insecticide was reported to have caused financial losses in rice-fish culture in Indonesia.
Rice-fish farming in the Philippines was introduced only in 1974 and is still at the experimental (field-testing and verification) stage. Its small-scale adoption is influenced by technological and social constraints such as the use of high-yielding varieties associated with indiscriminate use of pesticides and shorter rice production cycle resulting in smaller fish size at harvest, unavailability of fingerlings, inadequate water supply, fish poaching and the risk-averse attitude of most rice farmers.
The two main constraints to increased productivity in irrigated rice-fish farming systems however, are water control and pesticide use. The latter is considered the more serious constraint because it can be justified in areas where potential rice yields are also high.
Since fish must adapt to management practices for rice, information on toxicity, degradation and residues of pesticides in fish are imerative for the development of a better symbiotic relationship between rice and fish in an integrated farming system. Acute toxicity parameter LC50² provides information on the effect of pesticides in extreme conditions and may serve as a basis for field application rates safe for fish. Degradation period of pesticides meanwhile indicate the safe period to stock fish. Pesticide residue data in fish are few but remain essential for the safe use of pesticides in rice-fish culture. These information are presented and reviewed in Cagauan and Arce and will be used in subsequent discussions.Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER The impact of pesticides on ricefield vertebrates with emphasis on fish [texte imprimé] / A.G. Cagauan, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 203-248.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : SCIENCES AGRICOLES Mots-clés : IMPACT DES PESTICIDES UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES RIZIERE METHODOLOGIE D'EVALUATION ANALYSE DES RESIDUS DES PESTICIDES INSECTICIDES Résumé : Production of fish on rice farms in Asian countries is considered by policymakers as a viable option for sustaining food production in lowland areas, augmenting farm income and improving the quality of food available to asian farm housholds. Rice-fish farming systems hence represent an ideal practice for more efficient utilization of agricultural resources in lowland rice areas.
The use of pesticides has been reported to have caused a decline in the practice of rice-fish culture in some parts of Central Thailand. Annual application of around 2kg per hectare of insecticide was reported to have caused financial losses in rice-fish culture in Indonesia.
Rice-fish farming in the Philippines was introduced only in 1974 and is still at the experimental (field-testing and verification) stage. Its small-scale adoption is influenced by technological and social constraints such as the use of high-yielding varieties associated with indiscriminate use of pesticides and shorter rice production cycle resulting in smaller fish size at harvest, unavailability of fingerlings, inadequate water supply, fish poaching and the risk-averse attitude of most rice farmers.
The two main constraints to increased productivity in irrigated rice-fish farming systems however, are water control and pesticide use. The latter is considered the more serious constraint because it can be justified in areas where potential rice yields are also high.
Since fish must adapt to management practices for rice, information on toxicity, degradation and residues of pesticides in fish are imerative for the development of a better symbiotic relationship between rice and fish in an integrated farming system. Acute toxicity parameter LC50² provides information on the effect of pesticides in extreme conditions and may serve as a basis for field application rates safe for fish. Degradation period of pesticides meanwhile indicate the safe period to stock fish. Pesticide residue data in fish are few but remain essential for the safe use of pesticides in rice-fish culture. These information are presented and reviewed in Cagauan and Arce and will be used in subsequent discussions.Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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Titre : Measurement and evaluation of the impacts of agricultural chemical use : a framework for analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J.M. Antle, Auteur ; S.M. Capalbo, Auteur Importance : p 23-57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES ANALYSE DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES MODELISATION DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES EVALUATION THEORIQUE DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES Résumé : This paper addresses the methodological deficiencies by developing an approach to integrating disciplinary research to quantify and value the impacts of agricultural chemical use. The basic premise of this paper is that economics provide a framework to integrate the disciplinary models and data for policy analysis. Thus, econcomists must play a central role in the organization and interpretation of the physical , biological, health and social science research that is needed to quantify and value the impacts of agricultural use. The framework developed in this paper is useful to address the impacts of specific changes in public policy such as pesticide restrictions and to address more aggregate issues such as agricultural sustainability and dynamic measure of productivity. So 7 things matter in this chapter, the conceptual framework to evaluate the net social benefits of chemical use, then the physical models that can be used to predict the movement of pesticides in the soil, then the modeling health effects, after that the economic production models, then the selected methods for valuation of market and nonmarket effects of agricultural production practices and finally the issues that arise in integrating disciplinary models for addressing sustainability concerns, human health impacts and impacts on the environment. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Measurement and evaluation of the impacts of agricultural chemical use : a framework for analysis [texte imprimé] / J.M. Antle, Auteur ; S.M. Capalbo, Auteur . - [s.d.] . - p 23-57.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés : UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES ANALYSE DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES MODELISATION DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES EVALUATION THEORIQUE DE L'IMPACT DES PESTICIDES Résumé : This paper addresses the methodological deficiencies by developing an approach to integrating disciplinary research to quantify and value the impacts of agricultural chemical use. The basic premise of this paper is that economics provide a framework to integrate the disciplinary models and data for policy analysis. Thus, econcomists must play a central role in the organization and interpretation of the physical , biological, health and social science research that is needed to quantify and value the impacts of agricultural use. The framework developed in this paper is useful to address the impacts of specific changes in public policy such as pesticide restrictions and to address more aggregate issues such as agricultural sustainability and dynamic measure of productivity. So 7 things matter in this chapter, the conceptual framework to evaluate the net social benefits of chemical use, then the physical models that can be used to predict the movement of pesticides in the soil, then the modeling health effects, after that the economic production models, then the selected methods for valuation of market and nonmarket effects of agricultural production practices and finally the issues that arise in integrating disciplinary models for addressing sustainability concerns, human health impacts and impacts on the environment. Numéro du document : A 6290/H00 366 Niveau Bibliographique : 2 Bull1 (Theme principale) : FORESTERIE Bull2 (Theme secondaire) : GENIE FORESTIER Exemplaires
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